In this paper we propose indicators of impact and spending effectiveness of fiscal interventions for multidimensional poverty reduction. We bring together CEQ’s fiscal incidence methodology with OPHI’s multidimensional poverty methodology, using an MPI with the ?0 structure as the metric for evaluation. The effectiveness indicators in the multidimensional case need to simultaneously consider the best allocation of money across dimensions (which deprivations to lift?) and across households (to whom should they be lifted?).

What were the main legislative trends in Russia since the beginning of the full-scale invasion of Ukraine? Has Putin’s regime completed its transformation into a totalitarian system? What are the prospects and potential forms of regime change in Russia? This talk will explore these and other topics surrounding Russia’s political future in light of the war.