Security and Privacy Impacts of a Unique Personal Identifier

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Working Paper No.4 (April 2016)

National Identity Schemes are highly complex socio-technical systems in which many competing requirements from diverse stakeholders must be balanced. From a technical systems perspective, we review the objectives of such schemes, along with the resulting requirements, particularly the strong need to ensure appropriate levels of privacy and security. These objectives and requirements are addressed within the context of the broad range of threats against the system.

Lecture 4: Spain and the World (1976-1992)

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Spain on the international stage.

In the 20th century, Spain went through civil war, four decades of Francoism, transition to democracy, and re-emergence onto the international stage. Each lecture in this series focuses on one question, one primary source, and one novel, and is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of History, Politics, and Spanish at the University of Oxford.

Lecture 3: Institutions of Democracy: King, President, Parliament, and Autonomous Communities

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Democratic institution building.
 

In the 20th century, Spain went through civil war, four decades of Francoism, transition to democracy, and re-emergence onto the international stage. Each lecture in this series focuses on one question, one primary source, and one novel, and is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of History, Politics, and Spanish at the University of Oxford.

Lecture 2: The Spanish Transition (1975-1978)

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Spain's transition from dictatorship to democracy in the 1970s.
 

In the 20th century, Spain went through civil war, four decades of Francoism, transition to democracy, and re-emergence onto the international stage. Each lecture in this series focuses on one question, one primary source, and one novel, and is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of History, Politics, and Spanish at the University of Oxford.

Lecture 1: Development and Dissent in Franco's Spain (1959-1975)

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Economic development and political dissent in Franco's Spain. 

In the 20th century, Spain went through civil war, four decades of Francoism, transition to democracy, and re-emergence onto the international stage. Each lecture in this series focuses on one question, one primary source, and one novel, and is aimed at undergraduate and graduate students of History, Politics, and Spanish at the University of Oxford.

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